A Swansea Valley Man

 

 

Mollie’s father, William John, was born in Radnorshire in about 1880 and, as a boy, worked on his uncle’s farm, coming to Ystradgynlais in around 1907/08. He worked for the Co-op for a while, delivering around the area, he being used to horses. Later he left that job and found work in Ynyscedwyn Colliery, and when I got to know him he was the boiler attendant, where he worked a seven-day week. He retired when he was well past 70 years of age. His father (an Irishman) had died before he was born, on a ship coming over from Ireland, going back to the Brecon Beacons where he was an Army pharmacist. His mother was born in Boghrood in Radnorshire. I don’t know much about her or the family, except for what Mam has remembered. I know she and her grandmother got on very well. She used to love to visit her. They were two of a kind according to what I know about her. She remarried and lived her later life with her stepson and his wife.

 

Mollie’s mother, Elizabeth, came from Aberdare, and was born in 1890. Once again there is little I know about the history of the family in Aberdare. There is a photograph of Mollie’s great grandmother in one of the albums, as there is a photo of her mother, her parents and two brothers, David and Watkyn. Mollie’s maternal grandfather’s name was Ben. The David in the picture was the father of Mam’s long time relative and friend Winnie, who moved to Los Angeles. While Mam and Winnie were great friends as children, they lost touch for many years when Winnie’s father lost his life in a pit accident and she went to live with her eldest brother. She was the youngest of six children. Her brother had, during the depression, gone to the London area in search of work and had married there. Because compensation, even for fatal accidents, was minimal in those days Winnie had to go to live with him to relieve the pressure on the rest of the family at home. There she met her husband Tom, and after the Second World War ended they emigrated to Canada, and from there to California. Two of Winnie’s sister still lived in Aberdare in 1989.

 

Mollie had four sisters and two brothers. Glenys married Alwyn Powell and they had two sons, Alun and Tom. Tom lives in Ystradgynlais, and has one daughter and one grandchild. He married a German girl while he was in the air force in Germany. Alun lives in Tewkesbury where he is a physics teacher. He has two daughters. Another of Mam’s sisters, Gwennie, lived most of her life in High Wycombe and married there, having as a girl worked in London as a domestic servant. She had a son, David. Gwennie, her husband Roland and David are all dead now. David married Ann when they were both very young and they had three sons, all of whom live in West Wales at time of writing. David was only 42 when he died.

 

Mam’s brother Jim married a girl from Cwmllynfell. He died in 1947 aged only 32, and his wife lived until the early 1980s. They had one son, Christopher. The last we heard of him was that he was a doctor in Cardiff. Islwyn and Laura are still living in Ystradgynlais and Ystalyfera (in 1991) and have, in total, six children and several grandchildren. Islwyn’s children are Brian and Wayne; Laura’s are Christine, Barry, Colin and Julie. Mam’s last sister, Peggy, lived in Box, Wiltshire and had one son and two grandchildren.

 

A rather scrappy account of Mam’s family but I have done my best with the information I have.

 

The one in the family who amazed me was Mollie’s father. He would sit in his chair, his cap on his head as always, reading a Western novel, oblivious to everything that was going on around him. The only time he had off from work was his annual holiday; two weeks in the summer. To be able to work the continuous seven day week that he did meant that when he worked the 2 pm to 10 pm shift he had to, come Saturday, work a double shift until 6am on the Sunday morning in order to change to the night shift. Often Mollie and I would go to see him on a Saturday night, and sometimes take him a flagon of beer. He never went to a pub but he enjoyed that flagon of beer. While he lived it was work, work, work. He never harmed anyone. In his quiet way he loved his family and I can truly say that he was a gentleman in the true sense.

 

In any well run Welsh home of that time the mother reigned supreme and the father, if he was lucky, went to work to earn the living. The Welsh Mam was a person to contend with. If she had wished, she had immense power to wield, but she also had to be capable of doing everything better than the rest of the family. I can tell you that in my home and in Mollie’s there were two very capable, in their different ways, women. Both were excellent cooks. My Mother got her way by persuasion; Mollie’s Mother, if necessary, by force. When she raised her voice everybody scattered.

 

Mam, like me, left school at fourteen and, being part of a large family, had to find a way of earning a few bob as soon as possible. The going rate at that time for domestic work of baby watching was between 2/- and 2/6, and with some families that wanted your help you damn well earned it. When I met Mam she was a small eighteen year old and used to go out cleaning and washing for about 15 new pence a day. The choice of jobs for girls and women was very limited when she left school. Domestic work or assisting in a drapery or grocery shop was the rule. Mollie was also a cinema attendant. She did try a job as a nanny or nursemaid in Swansea, but she found out pretty quickly that she was expected to do the housework as well and be up at 6 am to light the fire, all for the princely sum of 7/6 a week. Mollie had too much spirit to put up with this kind of treatment for long and she soon told them where to get off.

 

She worked in other houses that were not much better. Sometimes she was expected to do a heavy laundry in the morning and clean in the afternoon, and if she had finished by 3.30 pm they would find another little job, like cleaning the back yard, to take her up to 4 pm. I used to get very angry at the treatment she used to get, but throughout it all she was full of life. Indeed she changed me from a sobersides on the way to premature middle age. She came into my life when I needed her and that’s how I finally got over the loss of my parents and started living again.

Before Cardiff Arms Park was modernised the rugby internationals were shared between Cardiff and Swansea at the old Arms Park and St. Helens. I never went to Cardiff to see internationals but I enjoyed going to the ones in Swansea and always stood on the slope called the Tanner Bank. This was not named after Haydn Tanner, the Welsh scrum half who played for Swansea, but because that’s what the charge was to watch the Swansea All Whites play their club games.

 

I remember going with my mate Will Jones (Edith Jones’ husband) to see England in 1934 or 1935. It was not a nice day and rain was expected. St. Helens was an open stadium and the Tanner Bank was where most of the crowd stood, with no shelter at all. We used to be packed so tight that if there was movement in the crowd the ripple effect sent the crown swaying from one end of the bank to the other. Many times, due to crowd movement, I would find myself, like many others, turned around and facing away from the pitch, and it was a devil of a job turning back the right way.

 

The game started, the rain came and we were soaked. Afterwards we had to walk to St. Thomas railway station, wait for the train and eventually got home. I had a bath, went to bed, and was there for several days. You should have heard my mother’s comments.

 

Here are some of the rugby stars of the time. Wilfred Wooller; Vivian Jenkins, who was to score the first try as a full back in an international, which I saw him do at Murrayfield; Ronnie Boon on the wing; Dr Jack Mathews and Claude Davey at centre, two brick walls in defence. Davey was from Cwmgorse and went to Pontardawe Grammar School. I used to go to watch the grammar school matches on a Saturday morning. Davey used to be a forward then and he was a big chap even at 16. Another I remember was Clem Thomas. He was a cousin of mine though we were never in contact much.

I do not know the poet. I believe it was written between the two world wars.

 

Tiger Bay

I watched the coloured seamen in the morning mist,

Slouching along the damp brown street,

Cursing and laughing in the dismal dawn.

The sea had grumbled through the night,

Small yellow lights had flickered far and near,

Huge chains clattered on the ice-cold quays,

And daylight had seemed a hundred years away…

But slowly the long cold night retreated

Behind the cranes and masts and funnels,

The sea-signals wailed beyond the harbour

And seabirds came suddenly out of the mist.

And six coloured seamen came slouching along

With the laughter of the Levant in their eyes

And contempt in their tapering hands.

Their coffee was waiting in some smoke-laden den,

With smooth yellow dice on the unswept table,

And behind the dirty green window

No lazy dream of Africa or Arabia or India,

Nor any dreary dockland morning,

Would mar one minute for them.

The years 1929 and 1930 were general election years and when I became interested in politics. I had a good grounding at home as both my Father and my Mother were committed Labour supporters, and the newspapers that came to our home were the Daily Herald, Reynolds News and the weekly Llais Llafyr (Weekly Voice), printed in Ystalyfera. During the year when my Father was an invalid, confined most of the time to the home, his friends visited him often. I was a silent listener and observer of the arguments that went on there. I was the only one of my family apart from my parents who took any interest in politics. My brothers and sister took no interest in what went on, but I was to find a mutual interest with my sister’s husband, Reg. We read a lot of books, attended many meetings, both political and union. I always found that the trades unions got my allegiance mainly. I was a trade union member all through my working life, starting as a boy entrant at 4d per week.

 

The men who came to our house were old members of the Independent Labour Party (ILP), which at that time was on the wane. They were now members of the Labour Party, which had grown in strength and had formed two administrations, though minority ones, and had superceded the Liberals. I was thrilled by the stories they told about their younger days when they used to hold meetings on the Cross in Pontardawe. They recalled Griff H Davies, who had a shop in Herbert Street; Nun Nicholas, a Marxist lecturer; and Dai Dan Davies, a miners leader in Gwaun Cae Gurwen. The last named was so well known in South Wales that a letter addressed to D.D.D. of G.C.G. would always get to him. Other local politicians were Degwel Thomas, a Baptist minister in Neath, and Jim Griffiths, then a miners agent in Ystradgynlais and soon to be MP for Llanelli. Another was T.J.Rees, the owner-editor of Llais Llafyr. He was a great radical and his paper was read throughout West Wales, and beyond for all I knew. If it were now possible to get hold of early numbers of his paper we would have an industrial and political history of the locality worth reading. T.J.Rees’ daughter married Hilary Marquand, MP of Cardiff at that time. They were the parents of David Marquand. It is a pity he does not have the same political views as his grandfather.

 

Later I began attending classes run by the National Council of Labour Colleges, and learnt something of the history of trade unions and what socialism was all about. These classes ran until the Second World War started but, like all things then, because of the movement of people into the armed services and to work away from home ceased. One of the tutors we had was a tough Londoner, and after the classes finished we would stay for a while and chat about the prevailing political situation. Mostly it was his tales that amazed me. He, like many during that time, was a communist. He had travelled throughout the United States of America, Europe (including Germany during Hitler’s time) and Stalin’s Soviet Union. As a communist he had to travel by the underground route. He knew Thalmann, Dimitrov and Rosa Luxemburg. He gave me some pamphlets about the early trades unions in the USA, the International Workers of the World (IWW) and some of the writings of Daniel Defoe.

 

It was during the years 1933 to 1935 that both my parents died. It is hard to describe my own feelings then. I felt so alone and for a time life, as I had spent it till then, seemed to be finished. It’s the sort of time when one begins to realise how much we owe to our parents, which we sometimes take for granted. They had never been able to give us much of the material things in life. We never missed material things anyway, but love and a sense of security abounded. These are the things I remember them for. They died far too young and could have enjoyed life far more. It is now over half a century since they died. I have always tried to live according to the example they set.

This is my father´s record of a well-known poem. I hope it does not contain too many mistakes! I also hope that, by publishing it here, I do not infringe any copyright. I will remove it immediately if so – and apologise indvance. It represents a personal memory for me as a child as well as for my father.

THE BALLAD OF THE OLD MUMBLES TRAIN

 

By

Dan Morgan

 

THE STATION

 

When we wish to partake of excitement

That would fill us with joy – more or less,

We would save up our cash

And prepare for a dash

On the wonderful Mumbles express.

The station we start from is striking.

The roof is the sky overhead,

And flat on the ground

The ‘platform’ is found.

The oldest design – it is said.

The booking hall is round in a side street:

A shelter from sunshine and rain.

And all rushed pell-mell

At the sound of a bell

For then – was the time for our train.

THE TRAIN

 

Our train is a wonder of wonders.

The coaches are gorgeous and grand.

For the dainty design

Of the train on this line

Is easily the best in the land.

Some coaches are ‘first class’ – some ‘second’;

And ‘third class’ and ‘workmens’ as well.

Queer trucks at the rear

All open and bare;

And no class at all – I’ve heard tell.

The engine – My Word! What a beauty.

As slowly she snorts from her shed,

 Then crosses the road

To take up her load

And wait for the full steam ahead.

There are carriages nicknamed ‘The Toastrack’

With leg room for sitters – so slight

That to sit at one’s ease

We’ve to dovetail our knees

With the lady or gent opposite.

And that wondrous van for the workmen

If ever we found ourselves there

With the fumes and the smoke

We would jolly well choke

And be gurgling and gasping for breath.

THE START

 

The trainload is ready and eager for starting

And steam from the engine is hissing

And smoke from the funnel causes lot of eye smarting

There’s hardly a thing that is missing.

The guards in a row with shrill whistles blowing

The engine bell dismally tolling.

When all are impatient to see the train going

More passengers up, we see, strolling.

They are then got aboard with shouting and shoving

And cross words and swear words and grunting;

And just as we think to the Mumbles we’re moving

The engine must do yet more shunting.

We hear lots of creaking and bearings a’squeaking

And backwards and forwards we’re bumping;

With pistons a’clanking and whistles a‘shreeking

Soon, over the first crossing, we’re bumping.

And this is a picture that’s true, more or less

Of the starting away of the Mumbles express.

ON THE WAY

 

We’re off at last – a great adventure started.

A tolling bell tells all we’re on our way.

From sleepy Swansea town we’ll soon be parted

To reach – in time – The Mumbles, cross the bay.

We leave behind the advertising station

And rows of houses that flank our right.

The pass the grimy gasworks with elation

And soon our pretty (!) prison is in sight.

By school and yards and church we’re quickly flashing

And see the waiting people at the ‘slip’.

Then by the railway arch you see us dashing

But pull up for more shunting on this trip.

They hitch on more coaches from Trafalgar Siding

To lengthen (in short time) this great express.

Impatient are some passengers there riding;

We’ll reach the Mumbles in an hour or less.

AT THE ‘SLIP’

 

At the slip – what a sight

T’was a mystery quite

How the thousands of passengers vanished

From the road all around

On the train they were stored

By a magician’s wand they were banished.

No matter the number – the guards ne’r refrain

From finding them room on the old Mumbles train.

AT BRYNMILL

 

Once more – to the west

At a speed near its best

Brynmill Station our express approaches

Thousands more for this train

Which I’m sure must contain

Some invisible extending coaches.

For, if hundreds or thousands, the guards never complain

They’ll find them all room on the dear Mumbles train.

SPEEDING ALONG

 

Off, off again, on that long stretch of line

Where each express is proud to show her pace.

From Brynmill Lane to Gypsy’s Green is fine

Here cyclists oft the Mumbles train would race.

The speed we reached by some deemed a crime

Yet backbent cyclists by us sped,

And reached Blackpill before us many a time.

For that’s the way our racing men are bred.

A ‘L and N’ train we passed with sweet distain

We simple left it standing as they say.

(But here I think it’s best to say) explain

It was a train that ran the other way.

Of course we had to meet the uptown train

At Blackpill Links where all good golfers play.

Though every waiting goes again the grain

We saw two play four holes – t’was worth the stay.

Our train the golf house points we reach

Something’s gone wrong, as often times they will.

Folks are much shocked – and passengers, they screech

‘We’re off the line’ – but much too slow to spill.

With levers, spanners, chains and then a jack

The guards and driver work with eager zest.

With bump and jolt we soon regain the track

Then reach Blackpill – to take a little rest.

IN THE BAY

 

Halfway is reached, we’re in the Bay

The most superb is Britain’s isle.

At Lilliput we do not stay

But dash along the western mile.

The passengers – inside, on top

On stairs and platforms look aghast

And wonder when we’ll stop

For we are travelling mighty fast.

Our driver knows what he can do

And that the brakes will surely work

So, for a test, without ado

He pulls the train up with a jerk.

Folk’s heads are bumped, some are upset

Words, to express, they’re at a loss

No need to flurry, fume, or fret

The stationmaster cries ‘West Cross’.

ON WITH THE MAD FLIGHT

 

We soon are on the move again

The rollocking, rumbling Mumbles train;

And at the speed our engine runs

We pretty soon will reach the dunes.

That’s if our train with such a load

Can keep the rails at Norton Road.

She keeps the tracks though, speeding fast

And Oystermouth is reached at last.

Here crowds of passengers detrain

Some for their homes, lots for the bays.

To roam the sands beside the main

Where oft they spent such happy days.

And in the station yard you’ll find

Many a horse and trap waiting there.

Our old friend Percy waiting there

Lifts whip to hat – he seeks a fare.

The engine bell is heard once more

And on the move, swift, as of yore.

And leave behind dear Oystermouth

No station like it – north or south.

Upon our right a glimpse is seen

Of tennis courts and bowling green.

Hotels and shops along the bend

Leads to the sea of Southend.

THE END, AT LAST

 

Now patient passengers prepare

To leave the train in just a while.

The terminus is very near

We end our journey with a smile.

And those on top wipe out their eyes

To clear them of dust and grit

That from the engine’s funnel flies.

For years we’ve all endured it.

So we’ve had our share of excitement

On the wonderful Mumbles express.

Though we say it with smiles

It has covered six miles

In an hour or so – more or less.

And the pier station too is striking

For the roof is the sky overhead;

And the view all around

Is the finest e’er found

In the world – anywhere – so tis said.

 

In any well run Welsh home of that time the mother reigned supreme and the father, if he was lucky, went to work to earn the living. The Welsh Mam was a person to contend with. If she had wished, she had immense power to wield, but she also had to be capable of doing everything better than the rest of the family. I can tell you that in my home and in Mollie’s there were two very capable, in their different ways, women. Both were excellent cooks. My Mother got her way by persuasion; Mollie’s Mother, if necessary, by force. When she raised her voice everybody scattered.

 

Mam, like me, left school at fourteen and, being part of a large family, had to find a way of earning a few bob as soon as possible. The going rate at that time for domestic work of baby watching was between 2/- and 2/6, and with some families that wanted your help you damn well earned it. When I met Mam she was a small eighteen year old and used to go out cleaning and washing for about 15 new pence a day. The choice of jobs for girls and women was very limited when she left school. Domestic work or assisting in a drapery or grocery shop was the rule. Mollie was also a cinema attendant. She did try a job as a nanny or nursemaid in Swansea, but she found out pretty quickly that she was expected to do the housework as well and be up at 6 am to light the fire, all for the princely sum of 7/6 a week. Mollie had too much spirit to put up with this kind of treatment for long and she soon told them where to get off.

 

She worked in other houses that were not much better. Sometimes she was expected to do a heavy laundry in the morning and clean in the afternoon, and if she had finished by 3.30 pm they would find another little job, like cleaning the back yard, to take her up to 4 pm. I used to get very angry at the treatment she used to get, but throughout it all she was full of life. Indeed she changed me from a sobersides on the way to premature middle age. She came into my life when I needed her and that’s how I finally got over the loss of my parents and started living again.

Mollie’s dad was a quiet, nice man – a gentle man. He was a hardworking man throughout his life. He was about 55 when I got to know him. He was a boiler-fireman at a local coal mine, Ynyscedwyn. He retired aged 72. During his working life he worked a seven day week. No days off at all except once every three weeks when he would have a free Saturday. For this day off he would work on the following week a double shift, 2pm Saturday to 7am Sunday, so that his mate on the other shift also had this so-called day off in his turn. He even worked on official bank holidays so that the coal mine could be kept ticking over with enough steam power to keep the pumps going and ensure that the pit would not be flooded. I never heard him complain of what I thought were the intolerable conditions he worked under. Most of the years he worked the pits were in private hands, with a few years under nationalisation.

 

I remember, before Mollie and I were married, on a nice summer Saturday night instead of our usual visit to the Astoria Cinema in Ystradgynlais, we would decide to walk on the mountains. On the way, if it happened to be the weekend her father worked the double shift, we would call and see him for a chat. With the 2/6d we would have spent on the pictures I would call in a pub a get a flagon of beer for him. This we did many times, even after we were married.

 

He was a contented man. I can see him sitting at home by the firs, with his cap on his head. He only took it off to go to bed, I sometimes thought. He would be reading a Western and oblivious to all that went on in the room, and there was always a crowd there.

Mollie’s father, William John, was born in Radnorshire in about 1880 and, as a boy, worked on his uncle’s farm, coming to Ystradgynlais in around 1907/08. He worked for the Co-op for a while, delivering around the area, he being used to horses. Later he left that job and found work in Ynyscedwyn Colliery, and when I got to know him he was the boiler attendant, where he worked a seven-day week. He retired when he was well past 70 years of age. His father (an Irishman) had died before he was born, on a ship coming over from Ireland, going back to the Brecon Beacons where he was an Army pharmacist. His mother was born in Boghrood in Radnorshire. I don’t know much about her or the family, except for what Mam has remembered. I know she and her grandmother got on very well. She used to love to visit her. They were two of a kind according to what I know about her. She remarried and lived her later life with her stepson and his wife.

 

Mollie’s mother, Elizabeth, came from Aberdare, and was born in 1890. Once again there is little I know about the history of the family in Aberdare. There is a photograph of Mollie’s great grandmother in one of the albums, as there is a photo of her mother, her parents and two brothers, David and Watkyn. Mollie’s maternal grandfather’s name was Ben. The David in the picture was the father of Mam’s long time relative and friend Winnie, who moved to Los Angeles. While Mam and Winnie were great friends as children, they lost touch for many years when Winnie’s father lost his life in a pit accident and she went to live with her eldest brother. She was the youngest of six children. Her brother had, during the depression, gone to the London area in search of work and had married there. Because compensation, even for fatal accidents, was minimal in those days Winnie had to go to live with him to relieve the pressure on the rest of the family at home. There she met her husband Tom, and after the Second World War ended they emigrated to Canada, and from there to California. Two of Winnie’s sister still lived in Aberdare in 1989.

 

Mollie had four sisters and two brothers. Glenys married Alwyn Powell and they had two sons, Alun and Tom. Tom lives in Ystradgynlais, and has one daughter and one grandchild. He married a German girl while he was in the air force in Germany. Alun lives in Tewkesbury where he is a physics teacher. He has two daughters. Another of Mam’s sisters, Gwennie, lived most of her life in High Wycombe and married there, having as a girl worked in London as a domestic servant. She had a son, David. Gwennie, her husband Roland and David are all dead now. David married Ann when they were both very young and they had three sons, all of whom live in West Wales at time of writing. David was only 42 when he died.

 

Mam’s brother Jim married a girl from Cwmllynfell. He died in 1947 aged only 32, and his wife lived until the early 1980s. They had one son, Christopher. The last we heard of him was that he was a doctor in Cardiff. Islwyn and Laura are still living in Ystradgynlais and Ystalyfera (in 1991) and have, in total, six children and several grandchildren. Islwyn’s children are Brian and Wayne; Laura’s are Christine, Barry, Colin and Julie. Mam’s last sister, Peggy, lived in Box, Wiltshire and had one son and two grandchildren.

 

A rather scrappy account of Mam’s family but I have done my best with the information I have.

 

The one in the family who amazed me was Mollie’s father. He would sit in his chair, his cap on his head as always, reading a Western novel, oblivious to everything that was going on around him. The only time he had off from work was his annual holiday; two weeks in the summer. To be able to work the continuous seven day week that he did meant that when he worked the 2 pm to 10 pm shift he had to, come Saturday, work a double shift until 6am on the Sunday morning in order to change to the night shift. Often Mollie and I would go to see him on a Saturday night, and sometimes take him a flagon of beer. He never went to a pub but he enjoyed that flagon of beer. While he lived it was work, work, work. He never harmed anyone. In his quiet way he loved his family and I can truly say that he was a gentleman in the true sense.

My Father, as I have said, was in poor health and had suffered several heart attacks during the seven years he had been home from work. Somehow he had got over each one and slowly recovered. He wasn’t able to get out much; a walk down to the Ivy Bush pub for a pint was the most he could do, not as much for the pint as for the chat he would have with his old workmates. Indeed, he never did have to pay for his pint. Usually there was one waiting for him behind the bar, paid for by one of his many friends ready for the next time he could get down there. One of us would go and meet him, and walk slowly home with him. He would take ages to walk up the hill to our house. He could so easily have given up and sat in his corner by the fire, but his spirits kept him going to the end. That end came suddenly in 1933. He’d been standing by the gate outside, as he always did before going to bed. He came in and went upstairs at about midnight, and within an hour he was dead.

 

In our hearts we all knew this would happen sometime, but when it did happen the shock, the pain and grief, were just the same. This is something we must all face at some time in our lives. I can only say that somehow we find some hidden strength in ourselves which makes us carry on.

 

I was, sooner than I ever thought, to need that strength once more. After Father died my Mother seemed to give up the struggle that she had partly hidden from us during the years he had been ill.  Only she knew what they had gone through in those years. She died two years later, in 1935. They were, respectively, 58 and 55 years of age. That was almost sixty years ago. I do not think a single day has passed when I haven’t thought of something of them.

 

My grandmother, Sarah Thomas (nee Prothero) was a tiny little woman born, like my own Mother, in Trapp in about 1860 and never left there until she married. She never went to school either and could not read or write like many of her generation, but was very bright just the same and full of life. After her husband died she lived in the cottage with her son David and, when he had his mental breakdown, lived there on her own until she passed away in 1931 with two of her daughters and her son Richard around her. She had one brother, Daniel Prothero, who was a miner who had worked in many of the pits of South Wales. When I met Mollie later he was living in Ystradgynlais, not very far from her home, and we went to see him often. I don’t think he had been anywhere but around the pits where he had worked. He did have one bit of luck in his working life. When he worked at Sengenhedd pit he had taken a day off to go to a funeral, and on that day there was the biggest explosion ever in the history of Welsh mining and about 300 miners were killed. I do not know whether he had any schooling but he was a very intelligent man. He used to write letters to us, always in Welsh.

 

I remember that during the 1926 General Strike everyone was getting short of coal, and burning everything that would burn as we all depended on open coal fires then. Daniel would go to the mountain above Ystradgynlais where he found and dug outcrop coal. This was coal that was found near the surface, and he would take a lorry and bring it down to my grandfather, his sister and three of her family, including us. As it was outcrop coal it wasn’t very good quality, but very acceptable just the same. There was a lot of what we called small coal in it, too dust-like to put on the fire, as it would just fall through the grate. A way was found to make sure it was not wasted. This is where the word Pele came from. Pel is the Welsh word for ball, and pele is the plural. What we did was to go to the fields nearby and dig out some clay. If it had a blue tinge to it that was what we wanted. The small coal and clay were mixed together as concrete is mixed. It was hard work as the clay was very lumpy. So we would don a pair of garden clogs and tread the clay into the coal, wetting it at the same time. We then formed it into balls and lay them out to dry and harden. They were then ready for the fire.

 

Usually just after tea, around 5 pm, my Father would pile them on the fire, making sure he put sufficient on to last the night. They took quite a time to burn properly, and as we sat around the fireplace we would gradually have to move away as the pele began to throw out the heat, until everyone was as far away as we could get. It would last far until the night. Next morning there would be huge pile of dust to be cleared, which was the clay.

 

This cheap way of heating the home was used for many years in the mining villages of Camarthenshire. In these villages there were mountains of slack coal that was dumped from the washeries. The locals, whose pits had never reopened after the strike, used to mix it with cement. It wasn’t until after the 1939 – 45 War, and after the National Coal Board had taken over, that the value of these mounds of slack coal was fully appreciated and it was sold to power stations, where they found it to be the ideal fuel for automatic feeding. Thus what was thought to be waste, which had made the valleys ugly for many years, was put to some use.

 

Daniel supplied us with this coal until the end of the General Strike. In the later years of his life he came to live in Compass Row and died there. He was buried with his family in Llandeilo Church.

 

Grandmother was a member of a tiny Welsh Baptist chapel near my home, and she would call in our house on the Sunday when going to the service there. Mother would prepare tea and we, her grandchildren, would be on our best behaviour. That was her only visit. Otherwise we visited her in Compass Row. She could speak very little English and never really tried to. Perhaps Peter and Anne can remember me taking them to a burial place in Trebanos to see the family tombstone.


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  • aswanseavalleyman: Many thanks for your comment. My father would have been delighted by the connection. David Jones
  • Ian Lewis: Many thanks for the interesting read. I believe Sam the Italian was my grandfather, Samuel Lewis, of Duffryn Rd Alltwen. He was born Sabatino Luigi
  • aswanseavalleyman: Thanks for your kind remarks. My father would hve been so pleased.

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